Wildlife Clinic

Species

Least flycatcher

Empidonax minimus

The smallest eastern flycatcher, a grey-green bird that calls 'che-bek!' and passes through Georgia on migration.

A least flycatcher perched on a branch, a small grey-olive flycatcher with a bold white eye-ring, white wing bars and a short, triangular bill.

Photo Cephas (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 12 to 14 cm long
Weight
About 8 to 13 g
Habitat
Open woods and edges; any woods on migration
Diet
Insects
In Georgia
An uncommon migrant; a few nest in the mountains
Voice
A sharp "che-BEK"
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Small; grey-olive; bold white eye-ring; white wing bars; short bill
Told apart from
Acadian flycatcher, which is larger and greener
Where to look
Woodland edges during migration

Behaviour

Least flycatchers catch insects in short flights and flick their tails and wings. They defend small territories fiercely.

Why they matter

Least flycatchers nest in tight clusters, and a single woodland may hold many territories. They are one of the most frequently seen small flycatchers on migration.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A small cup in a branch fork
Eggs — Usually four
Incubation — About 13 to 15 days
Chicks — Fed by both parents
Flight — At about 13 to 16 days
Lifespan — Several years

Living around people

  • Migrating flycatchers often strike windows.

Misconceptions

  • Flycatchers only eat flies. They take many kinds of insects.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesIn Central AmericaIn Central AmericaIn Central AmericaMigrating northMigrants; a few nesting in the mountainsNestingNestingMigrantsMigrantsLast migrantsIn Central AmericaIn Central America

Where it lives

Recorded in 83 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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