Wildlife Clinic

Species

Laughing gull

Leucophaeus atricilla

The black-hooded summer gull of Georgia's beaches, named for its raucous, laughing call.

A laughing gull in breeding plumage standing on a wooden post, its black hood, white eye crescents and dark red bill sharp.

Photo Ianaré Sévi (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 36 to 42 cm long
Weight
About 200 to 370 g
Habitat
Beaches, marshes, harbours, car parks and farm fields near the coast
Diet
Fish, crabs, insects, horseshoe crab eggs and food scraps
In Georgia
Abundant on the coast all year; nests in colonies on marsh islands
Voice
A loud, laughing "ha-ha-ha-ha-haah"
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Dark grey back; black wingtips; in summer a black hood and dark red bill; in winter a smudgy grey head
Told apart from
Bonaparte's gull, which is smaller with a white wedge on the wing
Told apart from
Franklin's gull, a rare visitor, which has white spots on the wingtips
Where to look
Any Georgia beach, dock or causeway

Behaviour

Laughing gulls feed on almost anything, from fish and crabs to picnic scraps. They steal food from pelicans, sometimes landing on a pelican's head to take fish from its pouch.

They nest in large colonies on marsh islands and beaches.

Why they matter

Laughing gulls were nearly wiped out on the Atlantic coast in the late 1800s, when their feathers were used on hats. Protection brought them back, and today they are one of the most familiar birds of Georgia's beaches. They clean up dead fish and other waste along the shore.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A bowl of grass on marsh islands or beaches, in colonies
Eggs — Usually three
Incubation — About 22 to 27 days
Chicks — Downy; stay near the nest, fed by both parents
Flight — At about five weeks
Lifespan — Wild birds over twenty years are recorded

Living around people

  • Gulls fed from boats and beaches become bold; not feeding them keeps them wild.
  • Fishing line and hooks are a leading cause of injury in gulls.
  • A young gull alone on the beach is often a fledgling still being fed by its parents.

Misconceptions

  • Gulls are "sea gulls" that live only at sea. Most gulls, including this one, live on coasts and rarely go far from land.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesPresent in smaller numbersNumbers increasingHoods appearingColonies formingNestingChicksChicksYoung flyingFlocks on beachesMany move southFewer presentWintering birds

Where it lives

Recorded in 50 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

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