Wildlife Clinic

Species

Bonaparte's gull

Chroicocephalus philadelphia

A small, dainty gull that flies like a tern, wintering on Georgia's coast and big reservoirs.

A Bonaparte's gull in winter plumage floating on dark water, its dark ear spot, black bill and black wingtips showing.

Photo Basar (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 28 to 34 cm long
Weight
About 170 to 230 g
Habitat
Coastal waters, inlets and large reservoirs
Diet
Small fish, crustaceans and insects
In Georgia
A fairly common winter visitor
Voice
A nasal, rasping "cheer"
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Small, slender gull; black bill; pink legs; in winter a white head with a dark ear spot; a white wedge on the leading edge of the wing
Told apart from
Laughing gull, which is larger with a darker grey back and dark wingtips without the white wedge
Where to look
Inlets, sounds and large reservoirs such as Lake Lanier and West Point Lake, November to March

Behaviour

Bonaparte's gulls pick food from the surface of the water in buoyant, tern-like flight. Unlike most gulls, they nest in trees, in the boreal forests of Canada and Alaska.

Why they matter

This is the only gull that regularly nests in trees, placing its nests in spruces near northern lakes. On migration it gathers where water churns up small fish and plankton, at river mouths and below dams.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A platform of sticks in a conifer near water
Eggs — Usually two or three
Incubation — About 24 days
Chicks — Stay in the nest until they can fly
Flight — At about four to five weeks
Lifespan — Wild birds over eighteen years are recorded

Living around people

  • Gulls tangled in fishing line near piers and dams need help from a rehabilitator.

Misconceptions

  • All gulls nest on the ground. Bonaparte's gulls nest in trees.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesWinteringWinteringMigrating northLast birds leaveNesting in boreal forestNestingChicksYoung flyingMigration beginsMoving southArriving in GeorgiaWintering

Where it lives

Recorded in 72 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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