Wildlife Clinic

Species

Green sea turtle

Chelonia mydas

A grazing sea turtle of seagrass and algae, named for the green colour of its fat.

A green sea turtle swimming just below the surface over a coral reef, its flippers spread wide.

Photo Brocken Inaglory (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Shell usually 80 to 120 cm long
Weight
Adults usually 110 to 190 kg
Habitat
Warm coastal waters, seagrass beds and reefs; nests on sandy beaches
Diet
Adults eat seagrass and algae; young eat jellyfish and small animals
In Georgia
Young green turtles feed in coastal waters; a few nest on Georgia beaches in some years
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Smooth olive to brown shell; small, rounded head with a single pair of scales between the eyes
Told apart from
Loggerhead, which has a much larger head and reddish shell
Where to look
Heads surfacing near jetties and inlets; nest tracks on beaches in summer

Behaviour

Adult green turtles are the only sea turtles that live mainly on plants. They graze seagrass meadows, which keeps them healthy and productive. Like other sea turtles, females return to nest in the region where they hatched.

Why they matter

Grazing by green turtles keeps seagrass beds short and growing, much as grazing animals keep a pasture. Seagrass beds are nurseries for fish and shellfish.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — Dug in the beach above high tide
Eggs — About 100 to 140 per nest, several nests a season
Incubation — About 50 to 70 days
Hatchlings — Head straight out to sea at night
Maturity — At roughly 25 to 40 years
Lifespan — Many decades

Living around people

  • On beaches, keep lights off or shielded at night in summer and fill in holes.
  • Never touch a nesting turtle or a hatchling.
  • A stranded, injured or cold-stunned sea turtle needs a licensed wildlife rehabilitator at once; specialist sea turtle hospitals treat them.
  • Sea turtles are protected under federal law in the United States.

Misconceptions

  • Green sea turtles are green. Their shells are olive or brown; the name comes from the colour of their fat.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesOffshore or in warmer watersOffshoreOffshoreMoving north along the coastFeeding in coastal watersNesting seasonNestingNesting endsHatchlings emergeMoving south as water coolsLeaving coastal watersOffshore

Where it lives

Recorded in 23 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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