Wildlife Clinic

Species

Southeastern shrew

Sorex longirostris

A tiny long-tailed shrew of southern fields and woods that few people ever see.

At a glance

Size
Body about 5 to 6 cm; tail about 3 cm
Weight
About 3 to 5 g
Habitat
Old fields, moist woods, swamp edges and brushy clearings
Diet
Insects and their larvae, spiders, worms and snails
Active
Day and night, all year
Shelter
Leaf litter, grass and the runways of other small mammals
Lifespan
Usually a year or so
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Tiny; reddish-brown back, paler belly; long tail; long, pointed snout
Told apart from
Least shrew, which has a very short tail
Told apart from
Short-tailed shrews, which are grey, larger and short-tailed
Told apart from
Masked shrew, which is very similar but in Georgia lives only in the mountains
Where to look
Seldom seen; under boards and logs in old fields and moist woods across Georgia

Behaviour

Southeastern shrews live in the leaf litter and grass of southern fields and woods, hunting small invertebrates. They are active through day and night, and all year.

They are small, secretive and rarely seen, and much of their life history is still poorly known. Most records come from surveys rather than from chance sightings.

Why they matter

Southeastern shrews are part of the unseen web of small predators that keeps insect numbers in check in southern grasslands and woods, and a food source for owls, snakes and other hunters.

How little is known about them is itself worth knowing: even common animals in well-studied places can remain almost unknown.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Breeding — spring to autumn
Litter — usually one to six young
Lifespan — about a year
Much of this species' breeding biology is not well recorded.

Living around people

  • Leaving leaf litter and uncut grassy edges keeps their habitat.
  • Cats catch small shrews in yards near fields.

Misconceptions

  • A tiny brown animal in the grass is a mouse. It may be one of our least-known mammals.
  • All shrews are grey. This one is reddish-brown.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesActive in leaf litterActiveBreeding beginsLitters bornYoung leave the nestBreeding continuesActiveBreeding continuesAutumn littersActiveActiveActive in leaf litter

Where it lives

Recorded in 16 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

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