Wildlife Clinic

Species

Plain-bellied watersnake

Nerodia erythrogaster

A dark watersnake with a plain red or yellow belly that wanders far from water in wet weather.

A plain-bellied watersnake in long grass, dark above with an orange-red chin and throat.

Photo Wendy McCrady (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 75 to 120 cm long
Habitat
Swamps, river bottoms, ponds and wet woods
Diet
Frogs, toads, fish and salamanders
In Georgia
Statewide except the mountains
Venomous
No
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Plain dark brown to grey back; unmarked red, orange or yellow belly
Told apart from
Cottonmouths, which have vertical pupils and a broad head with a dark eye stripe
Where to look
In wet woods and at wetland edges, sometimes far from water

Behaviour

Plain-bellied watersnakes range more widely on land than other watersnakes, crossing woods between wetlands. They eat more frogs than fish.

Why they matter

They are predators of frogs and fish in bottomland swamps, and food for herons, hawks and kingsnakes.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Young — Born live, usually 5 to 30
Size at birth — About 20 to 27 cm, blotched
Maturity — In two to three years
Breeding — Every year
Lifespan — About 10 years
Diet shift — Young eat tadpoles and small fish

Living around people

  • It is harmless; leave it be.

Misconceptions

  • A snake far from water cannot be a watersnake. This one travels overland often.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesShelteringShelteringEmergingMatingActiveActiveActiveYoung bornYoung bornActiveShelteringSheltering

Where it lives

Recorded in 21 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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