Wildlife Clinic

Species

Pectoral sandpiper

Calidris melanotos

A streaky-breasted sandpiper of wet fields, whose males inflate their chests to display on the Arctic tundra.

A pectoral sandpiper standing in shallow water at a muddy edge, its heavily streaked breast ending sharply against a white belly.

Photo Andreas Trepte (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.5 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 19 to 23 cm long
Weight
About 50 to 120 g
Habitat
Wet fields, flooded pastures and grassy pond edges
Diet
Insects, spiders and small crustaceans
In Georgia
A common migrant, especially in autumn
Voice
A rough, rolling "krrrk"
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Heavily streaked breast ending sharply against a white belly; yellowish legs; slightly drooping bill
Told apart from
Least sandpiper, which is much smaller
Told apart from
Buff-breasted sandpiper, which has a plain buff breast
Where to look
Flooded fields and grassy edges of ponds

Behaviour

Male pectoral sandpipers inflate air sacs in their chests during display flights over the tundra, producing a deep hooting. Males fly from territory to territory during the breeding season, trying to mate with as many females as possible.

Why they matter

Pectoral sandpipers migrate from the Arctic to South America through the middle of the continent, and flooded fields and pond edges in Georgia are part of that network of stopovers. Tracking has shown males travelling thousands of kilometres around the Arctic in a single breeding season.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A scrape in grass on tundra
Eggs — Usually four
Incubation — About 21 to 23 days, by the female alone
Chicks — Leave the nest within a day
Flight — At about three weeks
Lifespan — Several years

Living around people

  • Flooded fields and muddy pond edges in late summer give them places to refuel.

Misconceptions

  • All grassy-field sandpipers are snipe. Pectoral sandpipers are often called "grass snipe" but are not snipe.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesIn South AmericaIn South AmericaMigrants passing northMigrants passingArriving in the ArcticNestingMales leaving firstMigrants in GeorgiaMigrantsLast migrantsIn South AmericaIn South America

Where it lives

Recorded in 78 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

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