Wildlife Clinic

Species

Least sandpiper

Calidris minutilla

The world's smallest sandpiper, a brown, yellow-legged peep of muddy edges.

A least sandpiper crouched on a mudflat in warm light, its streaked brown back, thin drooping bill and yellowish legs showing.

Photo Rhododendrites (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 13 to 15 cm long
Weight
About 20 to 30 g
Habitat
Muddy pond edges, marshes and mudflats
Diet
Insects, small crustaceans and worms
In Georgia
A common migrant and winter visitor
Voice
A high, rising "kreeet"
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Tiny; brown back; streaked brown breast; thin, slightly drooping bill; yellowish legs
Told apart from
Semipalmated and western sandpipers, which have black legs and greyer backs
Where to look
Muddy margins of ponds, impoundments and marshes

Behaviour

Least sandpipers feed along muddy edges, often among plants, picking and probing. They are among the tamest of shorebirds.

Why they matter

The least sandpiper is the smallest shorebird in the world, and it migrates between the northern forests and tundra and the southern United States and South America. It uses even small inland ponds, bringing shorebird migration into farmland and suburbs.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A scrape in moss or grass in the north
Eggs — Usually four
Incubation — About 19 to 23 days
Chicks — Leave the nest within a day
Flight — At about 14 to 16 days
Lifespan — Several years

Living around people

  • Muddy pond edges left unmown give them places to feed.

Misconceptions

  • Such a tiny bird cannot migrate far. Least sandpipers travel thousands of kilometres each year.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesWinteringWinteringWinteringMigrants passingLast migrantsNesting in the northAdults returningMigrantsMigrantsWintering birds settleWinteringWintering

Where it lives

Recorded in 95 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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