Wildlife Clinic

Species

Glossy swampsnake

Liodytes rigida

A shiny, secretive snake of southern wetlands with teeth shaped for gripping hard-shelled crayfish.

A glossy swampsnake coiled on sandy ground, shiny olive-brown with faint dark stripes along its sides.

Photo William L. Farr (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 35 to 60 cm long
Habitat
Swamps, marshes, ditches and cypress ponds
Diet
Crayfish, including hard-shelled ones
In Georgia
The Coastal Plain
Venomous
No
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Glossy brown with faint dark stripes; belly yellow with two rows of dark spots
Told apart from
Striped swampsnake, which has yellow stripes along the sides
Where to look
Rarely seen; under debris near water

Behaviour

Unusually, it has hinged teeth that help it grip and swallow hard-shelled crayfish. It is secretive and spends most of its time in burrows and under cover.

Why they matter

It is one of several southeastern snakes that specialise in crayfish, a sign of healthy wetlands.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Young — Born live, usually 6 to 14
Size at birth — About 15 to 20 cm
Maturity — In two to three years
Breeding — Every year
Lifespan — Several years
Diet — Crayfish from birth

Living around people

  • It is harmless and rarely met.

Misconceptions

  • Wetland snakes are all dangerous. This one is harmless.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesShelteringActive on warm daysActiveActiveMatingActiveYoung bornYoung bornActiveActiveShelteringSheltering

Where it lives

Recorded in 9 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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