Wildlife Clinic

Species

Eastern glass lizard

Ophisaurus ventralis

A legless lizard that looks like a snake but has eyelids, ear openings and a tail that shatters.

An eastern glass lizard stretched across pale sand, legless and snake-like, with fine dark lines along its body.

Photo Kristof Zyskowski (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 45 to 108 cm long, most of it tail
Habitat
Pine flatwoods, wet meadows, grassy fields and dunes
Diet
Insects, spiders, snails and small lizards
In Georgia
The Coastal Plain
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Long and legless; green to tan above with dark lines; a groove along each side; eyelids and ear openings
Told apart from
Snakes, which have no eyelids or ear openings and no side groove
Told apart from
Slender glass lizard, which is striped below the side groove too
Where to look
In grassy, open places; sometimes crossing roads

Behaviour

Glass lizards are lizards without legs. When grabbed, the long tail can break into pieces that twitch while the lizard escapes, and a new, shorter tail grows back. They move stiffly compared with snakes.

Why they matter

They eat many insects and small animals in grasslands and pine flatwoods, and they are food for hawks and snakes. They are often killed in mistake for snakes.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Usually 8 to 17
Nest — Under logs or in soil, guarded by the female
Incubation — About 8 weeks
Hatchlings — About 12 cm long
Maturity — In three or four years
Lifespan — Over ten years

Living around people

  • A glass lizard is harmless; if it must be moved, it can be guided with a broom into long grass.

Misconceptions

  • A glass snake can break into pieces and join itself back together. The broken tail does not rejoin; the lizard grows a new one.
  • It is a snake. It has eyelids and ear openings, which no snake has.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesShelteringShelteringEmergingActiveBreedingFemales guarding eggsGuarding eggsHatchingYoung activeActiveShelteringSheltering

Where it lives

Recorded in 8 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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