Wildlife Clinic

Species

Cuban treefrog

Osteopilus septentrionalis

A large Caribbean treefrog that has spread to coastal Georgia, where it eats native frogs.

A Cuban treefrog clinging to a tree trunk, warty and grey-brown, its large toe pads spread against the bark.

Photo Charles J. Sharp (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 5 to 14 cm long; females much larger
Habitat
Towns, gardens and wetlands; often on buildings
Diet
Insects, spiders and other frogs, including native treefrogs
In Georgia
Coastal Georgia; introduced
Voice
A rasping snore
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Large; warty skin; very large toe pads; colour from white to green or brown
Told apart from
Native treefrogs, which are smaller with smoother skin
Where to look
On walls, in drains and in potted plants near the coast

Behaviour

Cuban treefrogs arrived in Florida from the Caribbean and have spread north, often in plant shipments and vehicles. They eat native treefrogs and shelter in pipes and electrical boxes.

Why they matter

Where they arrive, native treefrogs decline. None of that is the frog's fault; recording sightings helps track where they are.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Thousands, in a film on the water
Hatching — In a day or two
Tadpoles — Change into frogs in about 4 to 8 weeks
Maturity — Within a year
Lifespan — Several years
Calling — On warm, wet nights

Living around people

  • Their skin secretions irritate eyes; wash hands after touching one.
  • A sighting on the Georgia coast is worth recording on iNaturalist.

Misconceptions

  • All big treefrogs are native. The Cuban treefrog is from the Caribbean.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesShelteringShelteringActive on warm nightsActiveBreedingBreedingBreedingBreedingActiveActive on warm nightsShelteringSheltering

Where it lives

Recorded in 5 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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