Wildlife Clinic

Species

Common coachwhip

Masticophis flagellum

A very long, very fast snake of dry, sandy country, with a tail patterned like a braided whip.

A coachwhip coiled on sandy ground beneath low shrubs, long and slender, with pale tan scales that look braided.

Photo Hunter Desportes (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 1.2 to 1.8 m long; very slender
Habitat
Sandhills, open pine woods, old fields and coastal dunes
Diet
Lizards, snakes, rodents, birds and insects
In Georgia
The Coastal Plain and lower Piedmont
Venomous
No
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Very long and slim; head and front of the body dark brown to black, fading to tan toward the tail
Told apart from
North American racer, which is black all over
Where to look
Crossing sandy roads by day in the heat

Behaviour

Coachwhips hunt by sight in the heat of the day, often with their heads raised above the grass. They are among the fastest snakes in North America and escape quickly.

Why they matter

They are important predators of lizards and rodents in sandy habitats.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Usually 4 to 16
Nest — In sand or rotting logs
Incubation — About 6 to 11 weeks
Hatchlings — Blotched
Maturity — In two to three years
Lifespan — Over 10 years

Living around people

  • It is harmless; it may bite if cornered.

Misconceptions

  • Coachwhips chase people and whip them. They flee; any movement toward you is toward cover.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesUndergroundUndergroundEmergingActiveMatingLayingActiveHatchingYoung activeActiveUndergroundUnderground

Where it lives

Recorded in 30 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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