Wildlife Clinic

Species

Brown watersnake

Nerodia taxispilota

A big, heavy watersnake of Georgia's rivers that basks on branches high over the water.

A brown watersnake stretched out among low green plants, brown with rows of dark, squarish blotches.

Photo Leila Dasher (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 75 to 150 cm long; heavy-bodied
Habitat
Rivers, large streams, swamps and cypress-lined lakes
Diet
Mostly catfish and other fish
In Georgia
The Coastal Plain and lower Piedmont
Venomous
No
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Brown with squarish dark blotches down the back and alternating ones on the sides
Told apart from
Cottonmouths, which have vertical pupils, a dark eye stripe and a broad head
Where to look
Basking on branches overhanging rivers

Behaviour

Brown watersnakes climb high into trees over water to bask and drop into the river when disturbed. They feed largely on catfish, swallowing them head-first to fold the spines down.

Why they matter

They are big predators of river fish and prey for alligators and herons, and are often killed in mistake for cottonmouths.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Young — Born live, often 15 to 40
Size at birth — About 20 to 30 cm
Maturity — In a few years
Breeding — Every year
Lifespan — About 10 years
Diet shift — Young eat small fish

Living around people

  • A snake dropping from a branch into the river is avoiding you.

Misconceptions

  • Snakes drop into boats to attack. A falling snake has lost its grip or is fleeing into the water.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesShelteringBasking on warm daysActiveMatingActiveActiveActiveYoung bornYoung bornActiveBasking on warm daysSheltering

Where it lives

Recorded in 6 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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