Wildlife Clinic

Species

Black-chinned hummingbird

Archilochus alexandri

A western hummingbird that winters in small numbers at Georgia's feeders.

At a glance

Size
About 8 to 9 cm long
Weight
About 3 g
Habitat
Gardens and feeders in winter
Diet
Nectar and small insects
In Georgia
A rare but regular winter visitor
Voice
Soft chips; a dry buzz in flight
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Male
Black throat with a thin iridescent violet band at the bottom
Female
Green above and pale below, very like a female ruby-throated hummingbird; often pumps its tail when hovering
Told apart from
Ruby-throated hummingbird, which is almost identical in females and absent in winter
Told apart from
Rufous hummingbird, which shows orange-brown
Where to look
Garden feeders from November to March

Behaviour

Black-chinned hummingbirds breed in the West and winter mostly in Mexico, but a few travel east to the Gulf states each autumn. They pump their tails almost constantly while hovering.

Why they matter

Hummingbirds that winter in the Southeast are a recent discovery, made possible by people who kept feeders up in winter and allowed licensed banders to study the birds. The black-chinned is one of several western species that do this regularly.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A small cup of plant down and spider silk, in the West
Eggs — Two
Incubation — About 12 to 16 days
Nestlings — Fledge at about 21 days
Lifespan — Several years

Living around people

  • A hummingbird at a feeder in winter is a western visitor, not a ruby-throat that forgot to leave; keeping the feeder clean and unfrozen helps it.

Misconceptions

  • Winter hummingbirds are lost and will die. Many are healthy western species that winter here on purpose.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesWintering at feedersWinteringLeaving for the WestBreeding in the WestBreeding in the WestBreeding in the WestBreeding in the WestMoving southMoving southA few arriving in the SoutheastWinteringWintering

Where it lives

Recorded in 35 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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