Wildlife Clinic

Species

Alder flycatcher

Empidonax alnorum

A small flycatcher of northern thickets, told from its twin the willow flycatcher only by its song.

An alder flycatcher perched on a metal fence rail, olive-brown with a whitish throat, a faint eye-ring and two pale wing bars.

Photo Unknown photographer (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC0 1.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 13 to 17 cm long
Weight
About 12 to 14 g
Habitat
Wet, shrubby thickets in the north; any thicket on migration
Diet
Insects
In Georgia
An uncommon migrant, May and August to September
Voice
A burry "fee-BEE-o"
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Olive-brown; faint eye-ring; two wing bars; almost identical to the willow flycatcher
Told apart from
Willow flycatcher, which sings "FITZ-bew"
Where to look
Thickets and wet shrubs during migration

Behaviour

Alder flycatchers perch in shrubs and fly out to catch insects. They migrate late in spring and early in autumn.

Why they matter

Alder and willow flycatchers were long treated as one species, "Traill's flycatcher", until their songs showed them to be two. They show how much bird diversity is only audible.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A loose cup in a shrub
Eggs — Usually three or four
Incubation — About 12 to 14 days
Chicks — Fed by both parents
Lifespan — Several years

Living around people

  • Thickets and shrubby field edges are important on migration.

Misconceptions

  • Birds that look identical are the same species. Alder and willow flycatchers are told apart by song.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesIn South AmericaIn South AmericaIn South AmericaIn South AmericaMigrants passingNesting in the northNestingMigrantsMigrantsIn South AmericaIn South AmericaIn South America

Where it lives

Recorded in 47 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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