Wildlife Clinic

Species

Tennessee cave salamander

Gyrinophilus palleucus

A pale, gilled cave salamander of northwest Georgia's limestone caves.

A Tennessee cave salamander resting in shallow cave water over pebbles, pale pink with feathery gills and tiny eyes.

Photo John G. Phillips (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 10 to 20 cm long
Habitat
Streams and pools in limestone caves
Diet
Cave invertebrates
In Georgia
Caves of northwest Georgia; very rare
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Pale pink to white with tiny eyes; feathery red gills; flat, broad head
Told apart from
Georgia blind salamander, which has no visible eyes and lives in the far southwest
Where to look
Only in caves; almost never seen

Behaviour

It keeps its gills and lives in cave streams all its life, hunting by touch in the dark.

Why they matter

It is one of the rarest salamanders in the Southeast and depends on clean cave water.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Little is known
Hatching — Little is known
Larvae — Keeps its gills for life
Maturity — Little is known
Lifespan — Little is known
Habits — Fully aquatic

Living around people

  • Caves where it lives are best left undisturbed.

Misconceptions

  • Cave animals are blind. This one has tiny eyes, but depends on touch.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn cavesIn caves

Where it lives

Recorded in 3 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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