Wildlife Clinic

Species

Southern blackbelly salamander

Desmognathus amphileucus

The largest dusky salamander, a black-bellied hunter of fast mountain streams.

A southern blackbelly salamander on wet moss at night, large and stout, olive-brown with pale spots along its sides.

Photo Michael J. Papay (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 10 to 17 cm long; up to about 21 cm
Habitat
Fast, rocky mountain streams and waterfalls
Diet
Insects, crayfish and other salamanders
In Georgia
The mountains of north-east Georgia
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Large and stout; dark with two rows of pale spots on each side; black belly; sharp-edged tail
Told apart from
Seal salamander, which is smaller with a pale belly
Where to look
Under rocks in fast water and at the base of waterfalls

Behaviour

It lives in the splash zone of fast streams and waterfalls, hunting at night on wet rocks.

Why they matter

It is the top salamander predator in many mountain streams.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Attached under rocks in water, guarded by the female
Hatching — In two to three months
Larvae — Aquatic for two to three years
Maturity — At several years
Lifespan — Over 10 years
Breathing — Through the skin; no lungs

Living around people

  • At waterfalls, enjoy them from the path; the wet rocks are its home.

Misconceptions

  • Waterfalls are too rough for small animals. This salamander lives in their spray.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesUnder rocks in waterUnder rocks in waterActiveActiveActiveLaying eggsFemales guarding eggsGuarding eggsLarvae hatchingActiveActiveUnder rocks in water

Where it lives

Recorded in 4 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

I found an animal