Wildlife Clinic

Species

Smoky shrew

Sorex fumeus

A grey, long-tailed shrew of cool, damp mountain forests.

A grey smoky shrew moving through long green grass, its pointed snout lifted.

Photo Michael K. Oliver (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Body about 6 to 8 cm; tail about 4 to 5 cm
Weight
About 6 to 11 g
Habitat
Cool, moist forests with deep leaf litter, moss and rotting logs
Diet
Insects and their larvae, earthworms, snails, spiders and centipedes
Active
Day and night, all year
Shelter
Runways under leaf litter and moss
Lifespan
Usually a year or so
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Grey fur, browner in summer; long tail, darker above and paler below; pointed snout
Told apart from
Masked shrew, which is smaller and browner
Told apart from
Short-tailed shrews, which have short tails
Where to look
Damp forest floors in the mountains and hills of north Georgia

Behaviour

Smoky shrews are forest-floor hunters of the Appalachians and the Northeast. They run through leaf litter, moss and the soft wood of rotting logs, feeding on insects, larvae and worms. Like other shrews, they are active through day and night and all year round.

In Georgia they are known from the mountains and the ridges of the northwest.

Why they matter

Smoky shrews are part of the life of old, damp forest, and they depend on the deep leaf litter and rotting wood such forests keep. Where forest floors dry out, they disappear.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Breeding — spring and summer
Gestation — about three weeks
Litter — usually two to seven young
Weaning — at about three to four weeks old
Lifespan — rarely more than about 14 months

Living around people

  • Leaving fallen logs and leaf litter in woodland keeps their habitat.
  • Cats catch shrews in yards near forest.

Misconceptions

  • Forest leaf litter is waste. It is where smoky shrews live and hunt.
  • Shrews are mice. They are insect-eaters, closer to moles.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesActive under leaves and snowActiveBreeding beginsFirst litters bornYoung leave the nestBreeding continuesYoung disperseBreeding slowsYoung of the year dominate the populationActiveActive in cold weatherActive under leaves and snow

Where it lives

Recorded in 23 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

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