Wildlife Clinic

Species

River frog

Lithobates heckscheri

A large, dark frog of southern blackwater swamps whose tadpoles gather in huge schools.

A river frog crouched among wet debris, dark and warty with pale spots on its lips and a large eardrum.

Photo Unknown photographer (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC0 1.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 8 to 13 cm long
Habitat
Swamps and slow blackwater rivers
Diet
Insects, crayfish and other frogs
In Georgia
The southeastern Coastal Plain
Voice
A deep snore
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Large, dark green to black with light spots on the lips; white belly with dark mottling
Told apart from
Pig frog and bullfrog, which lack the light spots on the lips
Where to look
At the edges of blackwater swamps and rivers

Behaviour

River frog tadpoles form large, moving schools. Adults sit at water's edges and, when grabbed, may go limp and ooze a bad-tasting secretion.

Why they matter

It is part of the blackwater swamp community of the southeast, and its tadpole schools feed many predators.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Thousands in floating films
Hatching — In a few days
Tadpoles — Large; spend the winter as tadpoles
Maturity — In two years
Lifespan — Several years
Calling — Summer

Living around people

  • It is harmless.

Misconceptions

  • Large black tadpoles in schools are fish. They are river frog tadpoles.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesUnder waterActive on warm daysActiveActiveBreedingBreedingBreedingTadpole schoolsActiveActiveActive on warm daysUnder water

Where it lives

Recorded in 3 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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