Wildlife Clinic

Species

Purple finch

Haemorhous purpureus

A raspberry-red finch of northern woods that visits Georgia's feeders in some winters.

A male purple finch perched on a twig, washed all over with raspberry red, deepest on the head, with brown streaks on its back and a notched tail.

Photo Cephas (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 12 to 16 cm long
Weight
About 18 to 32 g
Habitat
Woods and feeders in winter
Diet
Seeds, buds and fruit
In Georgia
An irregular winter visitor
Voice
A sharp "tick" call
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Male
Raspberry-red head and breast; unstreaked sides
Female
Brown and white with a bold face pattern and crisp streaks
Told apart from
House finch, which has streaked sides and a plainer female
Where to look
Feeders in winter, especially in irruption years

Behaviour

Purple finches move south in large numbers in winters when northern seed crops fail.

Why they matter

Purple finches are one of the "winter finches" whose irruptions track seed crops across northern forests. Their numbers in Georgia vary greatly from year to year.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A cup in a conifer
Eggs — Usually four
Incubation — About 13 days
Chicks — Fed by both parents
Lifespan — Several years

Living around people

  • Clean feeders reduce the spread of disease in winter flocks.

Misconceptions

  • All red finches are house finches. In some winters, purple finches visit too.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesWintering in irruption yearsWinteringLeavingNesting farther northNestingChicksYoung fledgingPresent in the northMoving south in some yearsArrivingWinteringWintering

Where it lives

Recorded in 51 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

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