Wildlife Clinic

Species

One-toed amphiuma

Amphiuma pholeter

A small, rare, eel-like salamander of southwest Georgia's muck-filled swamps.

A one-toed amphiuma emerging from dark muck, small, smooth and eel-like, with a greyish-brown body.

Photo Scott Allen Davis (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 20 to 33 cm long
Habitat
Deep, organic muck in swamps, seepages and spring runs
Diet
Worms, insect larvae and small invertebrates
In Georgia
A few swamps in southwest Georgia; very rare
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Small, eel-like, dark grey-brown; tiny legs each with a single toe
Told apart from
Two-toed amphiuma, which is larger with two toes on each leg
Where to look
Almost never seen; it lives buried in deep muck

Behaviour

It spends its life buried in liquid muck, feeding on small worms and larvae.

Why they matter

It is one of the rarest salamanders in the Southeast, known from only a few places.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Little is known
Hatching — Little is known
Larvae — Probably like small adults
Maturity — Little is known
Lifespan — Little is known
Habits — Buried in muck

Living around people

  • Its swamps are best left undisturbed.

Misconceptions

  • Every eel-like animal in a swamp is an eel. This is a salamander.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesIn muckIn muckActiveActiveActiveBreedingActiveActiveActiveActiveIn muckIn muck

Where it lives

Recorded in 3 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

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