Wildlife Clinic

Species

Nelson's sparrow

Ammospiza nelsoni

A small, orange-faced sparrow that winters in Georgia's salt marshes.

A Nelson's sparrow clinging to marsh grass, with an orange face framing a grey cheek, a grey nape and a softly streaked buff breast.

Photo Remydee1 (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 11 to 13 cm long
Weight
About 15 to 20 g
Habitat
Salt marshes in winter
Diet
Insects and seeds
In Georgia
A common winter visitor in coastal marshes
Voice
Mostly quiet in winter
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Orange face; grey cheek; blurry streaks on buff sides
Told apart from
Saltmarsh sparrow, which has sharper streaks and a more contrasting face
Told apart from
Seaside sparrow, which is dark grey
Where to look
Salt marsh edges at high tide

Behaviour

Nelson's sparrows hide in marsh grass, appearing briefly at the tops of stems.

Why they matter

Nelson's sparrows breed in northern marshes and prairies and winter in coastal salt marshes. They rely on healthy marshes at both ends of their migration.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A cup in marsh grass
Eggs — Usually three to five
Incubation — About 11 days
Chicks — Fed by the female
Lifespan — A few years

Living around people

  • Marsh loss affects their winter habitat.

Misconceptions

  • All marsh sparrows are the same. Nelson's, saltmarsh and seaside sparrows are separate species.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesWinteringWinteringWinteringLeavingNesting in the northNestingNestingPresent in the northMigratingArrivingWinteringWintering

Where it lives

Recorded in 41 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

I found an animal