Wildlife Clinic

Species

Manx shearwater

Puffinus puffinus

A black-and-white shearwater that crosses the Atlantic each year and is occasionally seen far off Georgia.

A Manx shearwater flying low over blue waves off the Georgia coast, its black upperparts and white underparts crisp.

Photo Dan Vickers (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 30 to 38 cm long; wingspan about 76 to 89 cm
Weight
About 350 to 575 g
Habitat
Open ocean
Diet
Small fish and squid
In Georgia
A rare but regular migrant far offshore
Voice
Silent at sea
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Crisply black above and white below; white under the tail; stiff, fast wingbeats between long glides
Told apart from
Sargasso shearwater, which is smaller with dark under the tail and faster wingbeats
Where to look
Offshore in spring and autumn

Behaviour

Manx shearwaters breed in burrows on islands in the North Atlantic, mostly off Britain and Ireland, and winter off South America. They come ashore only at night.

Why they matter

Manx shearwaters are famous for their homing ability: birds carried far from their colonies have found their way back across the ocean. One ringed bird was recorded alive over fifty years after it was first ringed, having flown millions of kilometres.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A burrow on an island
Eggs — One
Incubation — About 50 days
Chick — Fed by both parents; left alone for its last week or so before it goes to sea
Lifespan — Wild birds over fifty years are recorded

Living around people

  • A shearwater found on land cannot take off from flat ground and needs a rehabilitator.

Misconceptions

  • A seabird on land will recover if left to rest. Shearwaters struggle to walk and cannot take off from flat ground.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesOff South AmericaOff South AmericaMigrating northNesting on North Atlantic islandsNestingChicksChicksYoung leaving burrowsMigrating southMigrating southOff South AmericaOff South America

Where it lives

Recorded in 17 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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