Wildlife Clinic

Species

Greater siren

Siren lacertina

A huge, eel-like salamander with only front legs and feathery gills, from southern swamps.

A greater siren swimming in clear, weedy water, its long grey body trailing behind its raised head and small front leg.

Photo Nick Tobler (Cowturtle) (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 50 to 90 cm long
Habitat
Swamps, ponds, ditches and slow streams with plants and mud
Diet
Crayfish, snails, insects and some plants
In Georgia
The Coastal Plain
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Very long; grey to olive with lighter spots; feathery external gills; small front legs only, no hind legs
Told apart from
Two-toed amphiuma, which has four tiny legs and no external gills
Where to look
Rarely seen; sometimes in ditches at night

Behaviour

Sirens can survive their ponds drying up by burying themselves in mud and forming a cocoon of dried mucus, staying dormant for months.

Why they matter

They are large predators of southern wetlands and food for mudsnakes, alligators and wading birds. They can yelp or click when caught.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Several hundred laid in vegetation
Hatching — In a few weeks
Larvae — Small and gilled, with a pale stripe
Maturity — At a few years
Lifespan — Over 20 years
Habits — Aquatic

Living around people

  • It is harmless if left alone.

Misconceptions

  • A siren is an eel. It has legs and is a salamander.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesActive in waterBreedingBreedingActiveActiveActiveIn mud in dry weatherIn mud in dry weatherActiveActiveActiveActive

Where it lives

Recorded in 4 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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