Wildlife Clinic

Species

Eastern kingsnake

Lampropeltis getula

A glossy, chain-patterned constrictor that eats other snakes, including venomous ones.

An eastern kingsnake coiled on sandy ground, glossy black crossed by a chain of narrow white bands.

Photo Matthew Lumsden (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 90 to 150 cm long
Habitat
Pine woods, swamps, stream edges, fields and farmland
Diet
Snakes, including copperheads and rattlesnakes, lizards, rodents, turtle eggs
In Georgia
The Piedmont and Coastal Plain; the black kingsnake replaces it in the northwest
Venomous
No
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Glossy black with narrow white or yellow cross-bands joined along the sides like a chain
Told apart from
Black kingsnake, which is almost all black with scattered yellow spots
Where to look
Under logs and boards, and crossing roads after rain

Behaviour

Kingsnakes kill by constriction and are largely immune to the venom of pit vipers, so they eat copperheads, cottonmouths and rattlesnakes. They also dig up turtle nests. When handled they may vibrate the tail and release musk.

Why they matter

A kingsnake eats venomous snakes, so killing one is counterproductive. They have declined in parts of the Southeast, and fire ants and habitat loss may be part of the reason.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Usually 6 to 20
Nest — In rotting logs or sawdust piles
Incubation — About 60 to 80 days
Hatchlings — Boldly banded
Maturity — At about three years
Lifespan — Over 15 years

Living around people

  • A kingsnake near the house is eating rodents and other snakes; it is harmless.
  • Leaving it alone is the best protection against venomous snakes it would eat.

Misconceptions

  • All black snakes are the same. Kingsnakes, racers and ratsnakes are different, and all are harmless.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesShelteringShelteringEmergingActiveMatingLayingActiveHatchingYoung activeActiveShelteringSheltering

Where it lives

Recorded in 9 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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