Wildlife Clinic

Species

Brownback salamander

Eurycea aquatica

A stout, brownish relative of the two-lined salamander that lives in limestone springs.

A brownback salamander among wet stones and debris, slender and olive-brown with a dark line along its side.

Photo Jared Shorma (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 6 to 9 cm long
Habitat
Limestone springs and spring-fed streams
Diet
Tiny invertebrates
In Georgia
Springs of northwest Georgia; uncommon
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Stout and short-tailed; dark brown back with dark sides and a yellow belly
Told apart from
Southern two-lined salamander, which is slimmer and yellow above
Where to look
Under rocks and plants in springs

Behaviour

It lives in and beside cold, clear springs and rarely strays far from them.

Why they matter

Its springs are few and easily damaged, so each population is small and isolated.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Attached under rocks in springs
Hatching — In several weeks
Larvae — Aquatic for about a year
Maturity — At about two years
Lifespan — Several years
Breathing — Through the skin; no lungs

Living around people

  • Keep livestock and silt out of springs.

Misconceptions

  • Every salamander looks the same. This one was long mistaken for a two-lined salamander.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesIn springsLaying eggsLaying eggsLarvae hatchingActiveActiveActiveActiveActiveActiveActiveIn springs

Where it lives

Recorded in 4 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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