Species
Brown-headed cowbird
Molothrus ater
A small blackbird that lays its eggs in other birds' nests and leaves them to raise its young.
Photo Rhododendrites (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
At a glance
- Size
- About 16 to 22 cm long
- Weight
- About 40 to 50 g
- Habitat
- Fields, pastures, woodland edges and suburbs
- Diet
- Seeds, grain and insects
- In Georgia
- Common resident statewide
- Voice
- A liquid, gurgling song and a whistled call
- Rabies vector
- No
Identification
- Male
- Glossy black with a brown head
- Female
- Plain grey-brown
- Told apart from
- Common grackle, which is larger with a long tail
- Where to look
- Pastures near cattle and horses, and feeders
Behaviour
Female cowbirds lay eggs in the nests of more than 200 other species and leave the hosts to raise their young. Cowbird chicks often hatch first and grow faster than their nest-mates.
Why they matter
Cowbirds once followed bison herds across the plains, feeding on insects stirred up by the animals — a life that made staying to tend a nest impossible. As forests were cleared, they spread east and now parasitise many songbirds that had little defence.
Reproduction and lifecycle
Nest — None; eggs laid in other birds' nests
Eggs — A female may lay dozens in a season
Incubation — About 10 to 12 days, by the host
Chicks — Raised by the host parents
Lifespan — Several years
Living around people
- Cowbirds and their eggs are protected under federal law like other native birds.
- A songbird feeding a much larger chick is raising a cowbird.
Misconceptions
- Cowbirds are evil. They are simply following a strategy that evolved with bison herds.
Related species
Seasonal activity
When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breeding | Jan: no | Feb: no | Mar: no | Apr: no | May: no | Jun: no | Jul: no | Aug: no | Sep: no | Oct: no | Nov: no | Dec: no |
| Active nests | Jan: no | Feb: no | Mar: no | Apr: no | May: no | Jun: no | Jul: no | Aug: no | Sep: no | Oct: no | Nov: no | Dec: no |
| Notes | Winter flocks | Flocks | Egg laying begins | Egg laying | Egg laying | Egg laying | Young cowbirds leaving host nests | Flocks | Flocks | Flocks | Flocks | Flocks |
Where it lives
Recorded in 87 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.
United States
- Alabama
- Arizonabreeding
- Arkansasbreeding
- Californiabreeding
- Coloradobreeding
- Connecticutbreeding
- Delaware
- District of Columbiabreeding
- Florida
- Georgia
- Idahobreeding
- Illinoisbreeding
- Indianabreeding
- Iowabreeding
- Kansasbreeding
- Kentuckybreeding
- Louisiana
- Mainebreeding
- Marylandbreeding
- Massachusettsbreeding
- Michiganbreeding
- Minnesotabreeding
- Mississippi
- Missouribreeding
- Montanabreeding
- Nebraskabreeding
- Nevadabreeding
- New Hampshirebreeding
- New Jersey
- New Mexicobreeding
- New Yorkbreeding
- North Carolinabreeding
- North Dakotabreeding
- Ohiobreeding
- Oklahomabreeding
- Oregonbreeding
- Pennsylvaniabreeding
- Rhode Islandbreeding
- South Carolina
- South Dakotabreeding
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utahbreeding
- Vermontbreeding
- Virginiabreeding
- Washingtonbreeding
- West Virginiabreeding
- Wisconsinbreeding
- Wyomingbreeding
Canada
Mexico
- Aguascalientes
- Baja California
- Baja California Sur
- Chihuahua
- Coahuila
- Colimabreeding
- Durango
- Guanajuato
- Guerreroin winter
- Hidalgo
- Jalisco
- Mexico City
- Michoacan
- Morelos
- Nayaritin winter
- Nuevo Leon
- Oaxaca
- Puebla
- Queretaro
- San Luis Potosibreeding
- Sinaloa
- Sonora
- State of Mexico
- Tamaulipas
- Tlaxcalain winter
- Veracruzin winter
- Zacatecasin winter
If you found one
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