Wildlife Clinic

Species

Barbour's map turtle

Graptemys barbouri

A river turtle of southwest Georgia whose females grow twice as long as males and crush snails with enormous heads.

A Barbour's map turtle basking on a sunlit log over a Georgia river, its ridged shell and patterned head raised.

Photo novvictan (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Females up to about 33 cm shell length; males usually 9 to 13 cm
Habitat
Rivers with limestone bottoms, snags and fallen trees
Diet
Females eat snails and mussels; males eat insects
In Georgia
The Flint and Chattahoochee river systems of southwest Georgia
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Olive shell with a row of dark-tipped knobs along the midline; light blotch between the eyes; females have very broad heads
Told apart from
Alabama map turtle, which lives in different rivers farther north and west
Where to look
Basking on snags in the middle of the river

Behaviour

Barbour's map turtles are one of the most striking examples of males and females looking like different animals: females have huge heads and jaws for crushing mussels and snails, while the small males hunt insects. They bask on logs well out in the current and dive at once when disturbed.

Why they matter

They are found only in the Apalachicola river system of Georgia, Alabama and Florida, so Georgia's rivers carry a large part of the world's population. Fallen trees left in rivers are what they need to bask and feed.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — Dug on sandbars and banks
Eggs — Usually 3 to 11, in several clutches a year
Incubation — About 60 to 80 days
Hatchlings — Small, patterned with fine lines
Maturity — Females take over ten years
Lifespan — Decades

Living around people

  • Leaving fallen trees in rivers gives map turtles their basking places.
  • Discarded fishing line entangles basking turtles.

Misconceptions

  • The big-headed and small turtles are different species. They are females and males of the same one.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesInactive on cold daysBasking on warm daysActiveCourtshipNesting on sandbarsNestingNestingHatchingHatchlings emergeFeedingSlowing downMostly inactive

Where it lives

Recorded in 3 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

I found an animal