Wildlife Clinic

Species

Northern rough-winged swallow

Stelgidopteryx serripennis

A plain brown swallow that nests in holes in banks, bridges and drainpipes near water.

A northern rough-winged swallow perched on barbed wire, plain brown above with a dusky brown throat fading to a whitish belly.

Photo Dori (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 us (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
About 12 to 15 cm long
Weight
About 10 to 18 g
Habitat
Rivers, streams, lakes and road cuts
Diet
Flying insects
In Georgia
A common summer resident statewide
Voice
A low, buzzy "brrrt"
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Plain brown above; dusky throat; pale belly; no breast band
Told apart from
Bank swallow, which has a white throat and a clear breast band
Where to look
Over rivers and around bridges in summer

Behaviour

Rough-winged swallows nest in holes in banks, rock crevices, drainpipes and bridges. The outer wing feathers of males have tiny hooks that feel rough to the touch, giving the bird its name.

Why they matter

These swallows adapt to man-made sites such as bridges and culverts, and eat many flying insects over rivers and lakes.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Nest — A cup of grass in a burrow, crevice or pipe
Eggs — Usually four to eight
Incubation — About 12 to 16 days
Chicks — Fed by both parents
Flight — At about 18 to 21 days
Lifespan — Several years

Living around people

  • Swallows nesting in drainpipes and bridges are harmless and leave after the season.

Misconceptions

  • Dull birds are uninteresting. The hooks on the rough-wing's feathers are unique among North American swallows.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesIn Central AmericaIn Central AmericaArrivingNestingNestingYoung fledgingPresentMigrantsLeavingLast birdsIn Central AmericaIn Central America

Where it lives

Recorded in 88 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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