Wildlife Clinic

Species

Long-tailed salamander

Eurycea longicauda

A slender orange salamander covered in black spots, with a tail marked in a herringbone pattern.

A long-tailed salamander on streamside pebbles, bright yellow covered in black spots, with a long banded tail.

Photo Alie / C.A. Kratzer (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 10 to 16 cm long
Habitat
Streams, seeps, springs and cave entrances in limestone areas
Diet
Small invertebrates
In Georgia
Northwest Georgia
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Yellow to orange with many black spots; black bars on the tail form a herringbone pattern
Told apart from
Cave salamander, which is redder with fewer, scattered spots
Told apart from
Three-lined salamander, which has stripes
Where to look
Under rocks near streams and cave mouths

Behaviour

It lives near water in limestone country and often goes into cave entrances.

Why they matter

It is part of the rich animal life of northwest Georgia's limestone valleys and caves.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Laid in underground water or under rocks
Hatching — In one to two months
Larvae — Aquatic for several months
Maturity — At about two years
Lifespan — Several years
Breathing — Through the skin; no lungs

Living around people

  • Keep cave entrances and springs clean and undisturbed.

Misconceptions

  • Bright orange means poisonous to touch. It is harmless, though it is best not handled.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesLaying eggs undergroundEggsLarvae hatchingActiveActiveActive on wet nightsActive on wet nightsActive on wet nightsActiveActiveActiveMoving to breeding sites

Where it lives

Recorded in 15 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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