Wildlife Clinic

Species

Holbrook's southern dusky salamander

Desmognathus auriculatus

A dark swamp salamander with pale side spots that has disappeared from much of its old range.

A Holbrook's southern dusky salamander on a wet leaf, dark reddish-brown with a row of faint pale spots along its side.

Photo Caudatejake (opens in a new tab) / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 7 to 13 cm long
Habitat
Swamps, blackwater floodplains and mucky seeps
Diet
Small invertebrates
In Georgia
The southern Coastal Plain; rare
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Dark brown to black with a row of whitish spots along each side
Told apart from
Carolina swamp dusky salamander by where it lives
Where to look
Almost never seen now

Behaviour

It lives in the muck and leaf litter of swamps and hunts at night.

Why they matter

It was once common in Coastal Plain swamps but has disappeared from many sites since the 1970s, for reasons still not understood.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Laid near water and guarded by the female
Hatching — In one to two months
Larvae — Aquatic for several months
Maturity — At a few years
Lifespan — Several years
Breathing — Through the skin; no lungs

Living around people

  • Swamps and floodplains left undrained are what it needs.

Misconceptions

  • A species that was common cannot disappear. This one has, from many places.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesActive on mild nightsActiveActiveActiveActiveActiveActiveLaying eggsFemales guarding eggsLarvae hatchingActiveActive on mild nights

Where it lives

Recorded in 2 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

United States

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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