Wildlife Clinic

Species

Green salamander

Aneides aeneus

A lichen-green salamander that climbs rock faces and lives in narrow crevices in cliffs.

A green salamander on mossy rock, dark with a lichen-like pattern of yellow-green patches.

Photo Turner Brockman (opens in a new tab) / iNaturalist, CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab)

At a glance

Size
Usually 8 to 13 cm long
Habitat
Damp, shaded cliffs and rock outcrops in forest; sometimes in trees
Diet
Ants, beetles and other small invertebrates
In Georgia
Rocky outcrops of the far north; rare
Rabies vector
No

Identification

Key marks
Flattened body; dark with a lichen-like pattern of green or yellow-green; square-tipped toes for climbing
Told apart from
Every other Georgia salamander by its green lichen pattern
Where to look
In rock crevices on humid nights

Behaviour

Green salamanders live in thin cracks in rock faces, their flat bodies fitting spaces few other animals can use. They climb well and sometimes live under the bark of trees.

Why they matter

They have disappeared from many sites and depend on shaded, damp rock outcrops in mature forest. Georgia is at the southern edge of their Appalachian range.

Reproduction and lifecycle

Eggs — Hung in a cluster from the roof of a crevice, guarded by the female
Hatching — In about three months, as tiny copies of the adults
Young — No aquatic stage
Maturity — At about three years
Lifespan — Over 10 years
Breathing — Through the skin; no lungs

Living around people

  • Climbers and hikers can help by leaving the plants and lichens on cliff faces alone.
  • Keep shade trees around rock outcrops; they keep the crevices damp.

Misconceptions

  • Salamanders live only on the ground. This one lives on cliffs.

Related species

Seasonal activity

When this species is breeding, and when there are nests on the ground. Mowing during the shaded months is how most nests are found.

Breeding and active nests by month for this species
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
BreedingJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
Active nestsJan: noFeb: noMar: noApr: noMay: noJun: noJul: noAug: noSep: noOct: noNov: noDec: no
NotesDeep in crevicesDeep in crevicesDeep in crevicesActive on humid nightsActiveLaying eggs in crevicesFemales guarding eggsGuarding eggsYoung hatchingMoving to winter crevicesDeep in crevicesDeep in crevices

Where it lives

Recorded in 12 states and provinces. Each one links to the other animals there, and to the rehabilitators licensed for them.

If you found one

Answer a few questions and you will get a specific answer for what you are looking at.

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